David Stern is investigating two problems. The first is how behavior evolves. To address this, Stern and his team identify genes that cause behavior differences between fruit fly species and then determine how these genetic changes alter neuronal functions, resulting in new behaviors. The second problem is how insects hijack plant development to induce plant galls. The Stern lab has discovered that aphids inject a novel family of BICYCLE proteins that appear to contribute to gall development. The team is studying many aspects of this problem, with a focus on how BICYCLE proteins alter plant cell biology.
Scientists have identified proteins in aphid saliva that can alter plant development. These proteins drive abnormal growths called galls, which give insects a protected place to feed and reproduce. Janelia scientists have identified a gene that causes male Drosophila to produce different courtship songs. Janelia researchers show that Hox proteins trigger gene activity through weak interactions at previously unrecognized DNA binding sites in the genome. Proteins engineered to bind enhancer regions of the genome offer researchers a window into how genes are activated.