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Bert Vogelstein aims to develop new prevention and treatment strategies based on the genetic alterations that drive tumorigenesis. Vogelstein and his team have identified some of the most common mutations that initiate tumors or cause them to progress, and have characterized the signaling pathways through which they act. One of the team’s most important discoveries in this area was that a relatively small number of genes plays a major role in most human cancer types. Currently, they focus on using this core set of cancer driver genes to develop novel methods for identifying cancers at an early stage, and to devise novel therapeutic approaches for exploiting the vulnerabilities these mutations cause.