Lecture 2: Probing Genes and Genomes
by Stuart L. Schreiber, Ph.D.
Play Lecture Two in Full
Introduction by HHMI President Dr. Thomas Cech
Introductory interview with Dr. Stuart Schreiber
If you want to understand life's processes, perturb it
Proteins serve as the key mechanical component of life's processes
Perturbing life's processes: The genetic approach
Perturbing life's processes: The chemical genetic approach
What are small molecules?
Demonstration: Use of molecular models in chemistry
Animation: How does a small molecule modulate a protein?
Animation: How does a small molecule activate a protein?
Video: Using small molecules to study the cleavage furrow of cell division
Video: Furrowstatin can freeze the dynamic process of cell division
Video: Furrowstatin perturbation is reversible
Animation: Furrowstatin works by binding to nonmuscle myosin II
Using the arrested furrow to further study cell division
Chemical genetics lets us study dynamic processes
Q&A: Does furrowstatin inhibit furrow formation or furrow function?
Q&A: Are small molecules also useful for treating diseases?
Q&A: How do you figure out which small molecules to use?
Q&A: Can you define again what small molecules are?
Where do these small molecules come from?
Rapamycin, a small molecule from nature
Small molecules from laboratory synthesis
Target-oriented synthesis and its limitations
Introduction to Diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS)
DOS process 1: Split to many tubes and attach to plastic beads
DOS process 2: Perform first reaction and split again
DOS process 3: Perform second reaction and further reactions
Animation: DOS matrix
Recent advances allows one person to make 88,400 new compounds
How do you discover which of these small molecules are useful?
Animation: Screening small molecules with a protein
Two screening methods for identifying small molecule function
Q&A: Do you accidentally make unexpected molecules?
Q&A: Wouldn't sorting through molecules of DOS take a long time?
Q&A: Where did you get the idea of using chemistry in biology?
Q&A: Wouldn't rapamycin's immunosuppression cause other diseases?
Q&A: Could more than one small molecule interact with the protein of interest?
Closing remarks by HHMI President Dr. Thomas Cech